Đỗ Mười
27 Juni 1991 – 29 Desember 1997
27 Juni 1991 – 29 Desember 1997
22 Juni 1988 – 8 Agustus 1991
Distrik Thanh Trì, Vietnam
Đỗ Mười (2 Februari 1917 – 1 Oktober 2018) adalah seorang politikus komunis Vietnam. Ia berkembang dalam hierarki partai pada akhir 1940an dan terpilih menjadi Sekretaris Jenderal Komite Pusat Partai Komunis Vietnam (PKV) di Kongres ke-7.
Lahir di keluarga Hanoi dengan nama Nguyễn Duy Cống, ia mulai bekerja sebagai pelukis pada 1930an. Ia bergabung dengan Partai Komunis Indochina pada 1939
Đỗ Mười menjadi penasihat Komite Pusat dari 1997 sampai 2001
Kehidupan awal dan karier
Đỗ Mười lahir pada 2 Februari 1917 di Dong Phu, Thanh Trì, Hanoi dengan nama Nguyễn Duy Cống dan sebagai putra dari Nguyen Xeng.[1] Ia memulai hidupnya dengan bekerja sebagai pelukis rumahan, sebelum ia mulai bekerja dalam politik nationalis pada masa remajanya.[2] Pada usia 14 tahun, ia bergabung dalam sebuah front yang dikenal melawan fasisme.[1] Đỗ Mười bergabung dengan Partai Komunis Indochina pada 1939, namun ditangkap oleh otoritas Prancis pada 1941[2]
Pada Desember 1969, ia dilantik menjadi Deputi Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Konstruksi dalam pemerintahan Phạm Văn Đồng.[2]
Referensi
- ^ a b Tucker 2011, hlm. 305.
- ^ a b c Leifer 1995, hlm. 60.
Daftar pustaka
- Artikel & jurnal
- Abuza, Zachary (December 1998). "Leadership Transition in Vietnam since the Eighth Party Congress: The Unfinished Congress". Asian Survey. University of California Press. 38 (12): 1105–1121. doi:10.1525/as.1998.38.12.01p0398i.
- Abuza, Zachary (April 2002). "The Lessons of Le Kha Phieu: Changing Rules in Vietnamese politics" (PDF). Contemporary Southeast Asia. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 24 (1): 121–145. doi:10.1355/cs24-1h. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2016-03-04. Diakses tanggal 2014-08-26.
- Abrami, Regina (25–26 May 2007). "Vietnam through Chinese Eyes: Comparing Vertical and Horizontal Accountability in Single-Party Regimes" (PDF). Harvard Business School. [pranala nonaktif permanen]
- Abrami, Regina; Malesky, Edmund; Zheng, Yu (2008). "Accountability and Inequality in Single-Party Regimes: A Comparative Analysis of Vietnam and China" (PDF). Harvard Business School. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2012-06-06. Diakses tanggal 2014-08-26. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link)
- Goodman, Allan E. (January 1995). "Vietnam in 1994: With Peace at Hand". Asian Survey. University of California Press. 35 (1): 92–99. doi:10.1525/as.1995.35.1.00p04627.
- Johnson, Stephen T. (January 1993). "Laos in 1992: Succession and Consolidation". Asian Survey. University of California Press. 33 (1): 75–82. doi:10.2307/2645289.
- Pike, Douglas (January 1994). "Vietnam in 1993: Uncertainty Closes In". Asian Survey. University of California Press. 34 (1): 64–71. doi:10.1525/as.1994.34.1.00p03507.
- Sidel, Mark (January 1998). "Vietnam in 1997: A Year of Challenges". Asian Survey. University of California Press. 38 (1): 80–90. doi:10.2307/2645471.
- Stern, Lewis (October 1995). "Party Plenums and Leadership Style in Vietnam" (PDF). Asian Survey. University of California Press. 35 (10): 909–921. doi:10.1525/as.1995.35.10.01p0060c.
- Womack, Brantly (January 1996). "Vietnam in 1995: Successes in Peace". Asian Survey. University of California Press. 36 (1): 73–82. doi:10.1525/as.1996.36.1.01p0089h.
- Womack, Brantly (January 1997). "Vietnam in 1996: Reform Immobilism". Asian Survey. University of California Press. 37 (1): 79–87. doi:10.1525/as.1997.37.1.01p0204c.
- Quinn-Judge, Sophie (September 2006). "Vietnam's Bumpy Road to Reform" (PDF). Current History. Daniel Mark Redmond. 105 (692): 284–289.
- Buku
- Abuza, Zachary (2001). Renovating Politics in Contemporary Vietnam. Lynne Rienner Publishers. ISBN 9781555879617.
- Corfield, Justin (2008). The History of Vietnam. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9780313341946.
- Elliott, David W.P. (2012). Changing Worlds: Vietnam's Transition from Cold War to Globalization. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195383348.
- Europa Publications (2002). Far East and Australasia. Routledge. ISBN 9781857431339.
- Frost, Frank (1993). Vietnam's Foreign Relations: Dynamics of Change. Pacific Strategic Papers. 6. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ISBN 978-9813016651.
- Gale Research Inc (1998). Encyclopedia of World Biography: Diderot-Forbes. 5. Gale Research. ISBN 9780787622213.
- Guo, Sujian (2006). The Political Economy of Asian Transition from Communism. Ashgate Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0754647355.
- Largo; et al. (2002). Vietnam: Current Issues and Historical Background. Nova Publishers. ISBN 978-1590333686. Pemeliharaan CS1: Penggunaan et al. yang eksplisit (link)
- Leifer, Michael (1995). Dictionary of the Modern Politics of South-East Asia. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0415042194.
- Staff writers (2002). Vietnam: Current Issues and Historical Background. Nova Publishers. ISBN 978-1590333686.
- Stern, Lewis (1993). Renovating the Vietnamese Communist Party: Nguyen Van Linh and the Programme for Organizational Reform, 1987–91. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ISBN 978-9813016552.
- Vang, Pobzeb (2008). Five Principles of Chinese Foreign Policies. AuthorHouse. ISBN 9781434369710.
- Thai, Quang Trung (2002). Collective Leadership and Factionalism: an Essay on Ho Chi Minh's Legacy. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ISBN 9789971988012.
- Thayer, Carlyle Alan; Amer, Ramses (1999). Vietnamese Foreign Policy in Transition. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ISBN 9789812300256. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link)
- Tucker, Spencer C. (2011). The Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A Political, Social and Military History. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9781851099610.
- Van, Canh Nguyen; Cooper, Earle (1983). Vietnam under Communism, 1975–1982. Hoover Press. ISBN 9780817978518. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link)
- Võ, Nhân Trí (1990). Vietnam's Economic Policy since 1975. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ISBN 9789813035546.
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|---|---|
| Kekaisaran Vietnam (1945) |  |
| Republik Cochinchina (1946–48) |  |
| Negara Vietnam (1949–55) |  |
| Republik Vietnam (1955–75) | |
| Republik Demokratik Vietnam (1945–76) | |
| Republik Vietnam Selatan (1975–76) |  |
| Republik Sosialis Vietnam (1976–) |  |
