Ulmus chumlia
Ulmus chumlia | |
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Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Rosales |
Family: | Ulmaceae |
Genus: | Ulmus |
Species: | U. chumlia |
Binomial name | |
Ulmus chumlia Melville & Heybroek | |
Synonyms | |
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Ulmus chumlia is a small deciduous tree endemic to the Himalaya from the Kashmir to central Nepal,[1] and the provinces of Yunnan, Sichuan and Xizang (Tibet) in China. It is found in broadleaf forest on mountain slopes at elevations of 1000–3000 m. Richens noted that the species appeared to be the same as that named by Grudzinskaya as Ulmus androssowii var. virgata, which she considered an intermediate between U. minor and U. pumila.[2]
Description
Very occasionally growing to 25 m high, it has a spreading crown of sinuous branches. The blackish-grey bark of the trunk is irregularly reticulate, and exfoliate. The wing-less branchlets bear narrow obovate-acuminate to elliptic-acuminate leaves < 10 cm long x 4 cm broad.[3] The wind-pollinated apetalous flowers appear in spring, followed by orbicular samarae 10–12 mm in diameter.[4]
Pests and diseases
No information available.
Uses
Like most elms, the tree is valued as fodder. The bark fibres are used for rope making and are also included with wool to make extra warm clothing.[5]
Cultivation
The tree is not known to be in cultivation beyond Asia. Specimens introduced to the Netherlands by Heybroek in the 1960s did not prove hardy.
Hybrids and cultivars
- Ulmus × brandisiana, a naturally occurring hybrid arising from a cross of U. chumlia and Ulmus wallichiana, first identified and named by Melville and Heybroek from specimens collected by the latter during his expedition to the Himalaya in 1960.[5] There are no known cultivars of U. chumlia, nor is it known to be in commerce.
References
- ^ Anisko, T. (2006). On the trail of the Himalayan elms. Plant exploration for Longwood Gardens. 19–23. Timber Press. ISBN 978-0881927382
- ^ Richens, R. H. (1977). Variation, cytogenics, and breeding of the European field elms. Annales Forestales Analiza Sumartsvo (Zagreb). 7, 107–141.
- ^ "Herbarium specimen - L.1586721". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. U. chumlia, Heybroek specimen, W. Himalayas, 1960; "Ulmus chumlia K000852639". Herbarium catalogue. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 17 October 2016. Heybroek specimen, W. Himalayas, 1960; "Ulmus chumlia K000852640". Herbarium catalogue. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 17 October 2016. Heybroek specimen, W. Himalayas, 1960
- ^ Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittemore, A. (2002). Ulmaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds) Flora of China, Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA. ISBN 1-930723-40-7 [1]
- ^ a b Melville, R. & Heybroek, H. M. (1971). The Elms of the Himalaya. Kew Bulletin Vol. 26 (1). Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, London.[2]
External links
- Photographs labelled U. androssowii var. subhirsuta C. K. Schneid. ( = U. chumlia Melville & Heybroek) on Plant Photo Bank of China, ppbc.iplant
- efloras.org: description of U. androssowii var. subhirsuta C. K. Schneid. ( = U. chumlia Melville & Heybroek)
- v
- t
- e
- U. alata (Winged elm)
- U. americana (American elm)
- U. americana var. floridana (Florida elm)
- U. bergmanniana (Bergmann's elm)
- U. bergmanniana var. bergmanniana
- U. bergmanniana var. lasiophylla
- U. castaneifolia (Chestnut-leafed or multinerved elm)
- U. changii (Hangzhou elm)
- U. changii var. changii
- U. changii var. kunmingensis (Kunming elm)
- U. chenmoui (Chenmou or Langya Mountain elm)
- U. chumlia
- U. crassifolia (Cedar or Texas cedar elm)
- U. davidiana (David or Father David elm)
- U. davidiana var. davidiana
- U. davidiana var. japonica (Japanese elm)
- U. elongata (Long raceme elm)
- U. gaussenii (Anhui or hairy elm)
- U. glabra (Wych or scots elm)
- U. glaucescens (Gansu elm)
- U. glaucescens var. glaucescens
- U. glaucescens var. lasiocarpa (hairy-fruited glaucescent elm)
- U. harbinensis (Harbin elm)
- U. ismaelis
- U. laciniata (Manchurian cut-leaf or lobed elm)
- U. laciniata var. nikkoensis (Nikko elm)
- U. laevis (European white elm)
- U. laevis var. celtidea
- U. laevis var. parvifolia
- U. laevis var. simplicidens
- U. lamellosa (Hebei elm)
- U. lanceifolia (Vietnam elm)
- U. macrocarpa (Large-fruited elm)
- U. macrocarpa var. glabra
- U. macrocarpa var. macrocarpa
- U. mexicana (Mexican elm)
- U. microcarpa (Tibetan elm)
- U. minor (Field elm)
- U. minor subsp. minor
- U. minor var. italica
- U. parvifolia (Chinese or lacebark elm)
- U. parvifolia var. coreana (Korean elm)
- U. prunifolia (Cherry-leafed elm)
- U. pseudopropinqua (Harbin spring elm)
- U. pumila (Siberian elm)
- U. rubra (Slippery elm)
- U. serotina (September elm)
- U. szechuanica (Szechuan (Sichuan) or red-fruited elm)
- U. thomasii (Rock or cork elm)
- U. uyematsui (Alishan elm)
- U. villosa (Cherry-bark or marn elm)
- U. wallichiana (Himalayan or kashmir elm)
- U. wallichiana subsp. wallichiana
- U. wallichiana subsp. xanthoderma
- U. wallichiana var. tomentosa
- U. boissieri
- U. minor subsp. canescens (Grey, grey-leafed or hoary elm)
- U. elliptica
- U. davidiana var. japonica × U. minor
- U. × arbuscula
- U. × arkansana
- U. × brandisiana
- U. × diversifolia
- U. × hollandica (Dutch elm)
- U. × hollandica var. insularum
- U. × intermedia
- U. × mesocarpa
- aff. Plotii
- Acutifolia
- Alata
- Alksuth
- Argenteo-Marginata
- Aspera
- Atropurpurea
- Australis
- Berardii
- Betulaefolia Nigrescens
- Crispa
- Crispa Aurea
- Crispa Pendula
- Densa
- Exoniensis
- Fastigiata Glabra
- Folia Aurea
- Folia Rubra
- Folia Variegata Pendula
- Gallica
- Glabra
- Globosa
- Hamburg
- Hertfordensis Angustifolia
- Hertfordensis Latifolia
- Hillieri
- Jalaica
- Jacqueline Hillier
- Kansas Hybrid
- Klemmer Blanc
- Koopmannii
- Lombartsii
- Louis van Houtte
- Marmorata
- Monstrosa
- Myrtifolia
- Myrtifolia Purpurea
- Nemoralis
- Nigrescens
- Planeroides
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- Ramulosa
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- Rugosa
- Scampstoniensis
- Sericea
- Tiliaefolia
- Tortuosa
- Turkestanica
- Variegata Nova
- Virens
- U. okanaganensis