Palaealectoris

Palaealectoris Temporal range: Early Miocene (Harrisonian) ~24.8–20.4 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Galliformes
Family:	Phasianidae
Tribe:	Tetraonini
Genus:	†Palaealectoris Wetmore, 1930
Species:	†P. incertus
Binomial name
†Palaealectoris incertus Wetmore, 1930

Palaealectoris is an extinct monotypic genus of landfowl, belonging to the family Tetraonidae, distantly related with modern grouses. Its fossilized remains, found in the Marsland Formation, a part of the Agate Fossil Beds National Monument in Nebraska, and in the Calvert Formation in Maryland, are dated from the Early Miocene.^[1]

History and etymology

The first remains associated with the genus, a fragmentary tibiotarsus, were collected in May 1925 in marine strata belonging to the Miocene-aged Calvert Formation, near Chesapeake Beach, Maryland, by Remington Kellogg and Norman Boss. The holotype remains of Palaealectoris were collected during the summer of 1928 by Erich Maren Schlaikjer in Lower Miocene deposits belonging to the Agate Fossil Beds in Sioux County, Nebraska. The genus was first described shortly after, in 1930, by Alexander Wetmore, at Schlaikjer's demandn, based on the two extremities of a left humerus, with P. incertus as the type species. The Maryland remains were described as Palaealectoris sp.^[1]

Description

Palaealectoris was a medium-sized landfowl, intermediate in size between the bobwhites and the spruce grouse. The superior crest of the humerus shared several similarities in development with that of the chachalacas, although this was probably a convergent adaptation. The general shape of the humerus is however sufficient to assign it to the Tetraonidae family, although it represents an abherrant form.^[1]

The fragmentary tibiotarsus from the Calvert Formation associated with the genus was distinctly similar, although smaller, with that of the modern spruce grouse. It was similar in size with the holotype humerus of P. incertus, which justified its association with the genus.^[1]

References

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Genera of landfowl and their extinct allies

• Kingdom: Animalia
• Phylum: Chordata
• Class: Aves
• Superorder: Galloanserae
• Clade: Pangalliformes

Pangalliformes
incertae sedis †Anisolornis? †Archaeophasianus? †Argillipes? †Austinornis †Chambiortyx †Coturnipes? †"Gigantibis"? †Litoripes? †Percolinus? †Tegulavis? †Gallinuloididae Gallinuloides Paraortygoides †Paraortygidae Paraortyx Pirortyx Scopelortyx Xorazmortyx †Quercymegapodiidae Ameripodius Quercymegapodius Taubacrex †Sylviornithidae Megavitiornis Sylviornis Galliformes See below ↓

Galliformes
Galliformes †Amitabha †Bumbanipodius †Bumbanortyx †Linquornis †Namaortyx †Palaeoalectoris †Procrax †Sobniogallus †Taoperdix Megapodiidae †Garrdimalga? †Mwalau †Ngawupodius Alecturini Aepypodius Alectura †Latagallina Leipoa †Progura Talegalla Megapodiini Eulipoa Macrocephalon Megapodius Cracidae †Archaealectrornis †Boreortalis †Palaeonossax †Procrax Penelopinae Aburria Chamaepetes Penelope Penelopina Pipile Cracinae Oreophasis Ortalis Cracini Crax Mitu Nothocrax Pauxi Phasianoidea See below ↓

Phasianoidea
Numididae Acryllium Agelastes Guttera Numida †Telecrex Odontophoridae †Miortyx †Nanortyx †Neortyx Ptilopachinae Ptilopachus Odontophorinae Callipepla Colinus Cyrtonyx Dactylortyx Dendrortyx Odontophorus Oreortyx Philortyx Rhynchortyx Phasianidae See below ↓

Phasianidae
Phasianidae †Bantamyx †Centuriavis †Diangallus †Eurobambusicola †Lophogallus †Megalocoturnix †Miogallus †Mioryaba †Palaeocryptonyx †Palaeortyx †Panraogallus †Pliogallus †Plioperdix †Rustaviornis †Schaubortyx †Shandongornis †Shanxiornis †Titanoperdix †Tologuica Rollulinae Arborophila Caloperdix Melanoperdix Rhizothera Rollulus Xenoperdix Pavoninae Tropicoperdix Coturnicini Alectoris Ammoperdix Coturnix Margaroperdix †?Ophrysia Perdicula Pternistis Synoicus Tetraogallus Gallini Bambusicola Campocolinus Francolinus Gallus Ortygornis Peliperdix Scleroptila Pavonini Afropavo Argusianus Pavo Rheinardia Polyplectronini Galloperdix Haematortyx Polyplectron Phasianinae †Chauvireria Ithaginis Lerwa Lophophorini Lophophorus Tetraophasis Tragopan Phasianini Catreus Chrysolophus Crossoptilon Lophura Perdix Phasianus Syrmaticus Tetraonini Bonasa Canachites Centrocercus Dendragapus Falcipennis Lagopus Lyrurus Meleagris †Palaealectoris †Proagriocharis Pucrasia †Rhegminornis Tetrao Tetrastes Tympanuchus

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