Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong
Writing system
This article contains Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong Unicode characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong.
Alphabet
Unicode alias
Unicode range
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Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong (Hmong: 𞄐𞄦𞄲𞄤𞄎𞄫𞄰𞄚𞄧𞄲𞄤𞄔𞄬𞄱; RPA: Ntawv Nyiajkeeb Puajtxwm Hmoob) is an alphabet script devised for White Hmong and Green Hmong in the 1980s by Reverend Chervang Kong for use within his United Christians Liberty Evangelical Church.[1] The church, which moved around California, Minnesota, Wisconsin, North Carolina, Colorado, and many other states, has used the script in printed material and videos.[2][1] It is reported to have some use in Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, France, and Australia.[1]
The script bears strong resemblance to Thai script in structure and form and characters inspired from the Hebrew alphabet, although the characters themselves are different.[1] It contains 36 consonant characters, 9 vowel characters, and 7 combining tone characters.[1] There are also 5 characters for determinatives used to indicate that the preceding noun is the name of a person, place, thing, vertebrate or invertebrate animal, or a pet name for the animal. Determinatives are not pronounced, but help distinguish homophones. They appear as the last character in a word, and are not separated by a space.[3]
Terminology
The term Ntawv Nyiajkeeb Puajtxwm Hmoob means ‘Genesis Complete Hmong script’; ntawv means ‘letter’, nyiajkeeb means ‘genesis’, puajtxwm means ‘complete’, and hmoob is ‘Hmong’.[1] The script is also called Hmong Kong Hmong, Pa Dao Hmong (also the name of a different Hmong script), and 'the Chervang script', after its inventor.[1]
Consonants
| 𞄀 | 𞄁 | 𞄂 | 𞄃 |
|---|---|---|---|
| MA | TSA | NTA | TA |
| 𞄄 | 𞄅 | 𞄆 | 𞄇 |
| HA | NA | XA | NKA |
| 𞄈 | 𞄉 | 𞄊 | 𞄋 |
| CA | LA | SA | ZA |
| 𞄌 | 𞄍 | 𞄎 | 𞄏 |
| NCA | NTSA | KA | DA |
| 𞄐 | 𞄑 | 𞄒 | 𞄓 |
| NYA | NRA | VA | NTXA |
| 𞄔 | 𞄕 | 𞄖 | 𞄗 |
| TXA | FA | RA | QA |
| 𞄘 | 𞄙 | 𞄚 | 𞄛 |
| YA | NQA | PA | XYA |
| 𞄜 | 𞄝 | 𞄞 | 𞄟 |
| NPA | DLA | NPLA | HAH |
| 𞄠 | 𞄡 | 𞄢 | 𞄣 |
| MLA | PLA | GA | RRA |
Vowels
| 𞄤 | 𞄥 | 𞄦 | 𞄧 | 𞄨 | 𞄩 | 𞄪 | 𞄫 | 𞄬 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | AA | I | U | O | OO | E | EE | W |
Tone markers
| 𞄰 | 𞄱 | 𞄲 | 𞄳 | 𞄴 | 𞄵 | 𞄶 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| high-level | low-glottalized | high-falling | mid-rising | mid-level | low-level | falling-breathy | low-rising |
| b | m | j | v | Ø | s | g | d |
Noun indicators
| 𞄷 | 𞄸 | 𞄹 | 𞄺 | 𞄻 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| person | thing | place | vertebrate | invertebrate |
| OOV | PES | KHABTHEEB | KHUAMLUAS | POOS |
Digits
| 𞅀 | 𞅁 | 𞅂 | 𞅃 | 𞅄 | 𞅅 | 𞅆 | 𞅇 | 𞅈 | 𞅉 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
Punctuation Marks
| 𞄼 | 𞄽 |
|---|---|
| repeat | syllable lengthener |
| XW XW | SEEV |
Logograms
| 𞅎 | 𞅏 |
|---|---|
| Currency | Ownership |
Unicode
Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong script was added to the Unicode Standard on March 5, 2019 with the release of version 12.0.
The Unicode block for Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong is U+1E100–U+1E14F:
| Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong[1][2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| U+1E10x | 𞄀 | 𞄁 | 𞄂 | 𞄃 | 𞄄 | 𞄅 | 𞄆 | 𞄇 | 𞄈 | 𞄉 | 𞄊 | 𞄋 | 𞄌 | 𞄍 | 𞄎 | 𞄏 |
| U+1E11x | 𞄐 | 𞄑 | 𞄒 | 𞄓 | 𞄔 | 𞄕 | 𞄖 | 𞄗 | 𞄘 | 𞄙 | 𞄚 | 𞄛 | 𞄜 | 𞄝 | 𞄞 | 𞄟 |
| U+1E12x | 𞄠 | 𞄡 | 𞄢 | 𞄣 | 𞄤 | 𞄥 | 𞄦 | 𞄧 | 𞄨 | 𞄩 | 𞄪 | 𞄫 | 𞄬 | |||
| U+1E13x | 𞄰 | 𞄱 | 𞄲 | 𞄳 | 𞄴 | 𞄵 | 𞄶 | 𞄷 | 𞄸 | 𞄹 | 𞄺 | 𞄻 | 𞄼 | 𞄽 | ||
| U+1E14x | 𞅀 | 𞅁 | 𞅂 | 𞅃 | 𞅄 | 𞅅 | 𞅆 | 𞅇 | 𞅈 | 𞅉 | 𞅎 | 𞅏 | ||||
| Notes | ||||||||||||||||
Fonts
- Nyiakeng-Puachue-Hmong-Fonts
- Download Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong fonts
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Everson, Michael (2017-02-15). "L2/17-002R3: Proposal to encode the Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong" (PDF).
- ^ Ian James & Mattias Persson. "New Hmong Script". Retrieved March 8, 2019.
- ^ "Chapter 16.12: Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong" (PDF). The Unicode Standard. Unicode, Inc. March 2019.
External links
- Atlas of Endangered Alphabets - Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong
- Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong Keyboard
- Google Fonts Noto Serif Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong
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